$+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089 $4\\pi kQ$ \u672c\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u304c\u6e67\u304d\u51fa\u308b\uff0c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n <\/i> \u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\uff08\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\uff09\n <\/p>\n\n \n \u4efb\u610f\u306e\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u3092\u8cab\u304f\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306e\u672c\u6570\u306f\uff0c\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u5185\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u7dcf\u96fb\u8377\u91cf $Q$ \u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066 $4\\pi kQ$ \u3068\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n\u300c\u4efb\u610f\u306e\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u3063\u3066\u4f55\u2026??\u300d\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u304c\u5927\u534a\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u3068\u306f\u300c\u9589\u3058\u305f\u66f2\u9762\u300d\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u5186\u67f1\u3067\u3082\u7403\u3067\u3082\u4f55\u3067\u3082 ok \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3057\u3066\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u305f\u65b9\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\uff0c\u3072\u3068\u307e\u305a\u300c\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306f\uff0c\u7403\u9762\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u306e\u3088\u3044\u9762\u3092\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u4f5c\u3063\u3066\u8003\u3048\u308b\uff01\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u96f0\u56f2\u6c17\u3092\u63b4\u3093\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3068\u5c0e\u4f53<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\u91d1\u5c5e\u7403\u306e\u4f8b<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u534a\u5f84 $R$ \u306e\u91d1\u5c5e\u7403\u306b $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u7403\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u304b\u3089\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u304c $r$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055 $E(r)$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\u307e\u305a\u306f\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3002\u5c0e\u4f53\u306f\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\uff0c$+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u306f\u91d1\u5c5e\u8868\u9762\u306e\u307f\u306b\u5747\u7b49\u306b\u5206\u5e03\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3064\u307e\u308a\uff0c$r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u307f\u306b\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\u3053\u306e $r=R$ \u306e\u5185\u5074\u3068\u5916\u5074\u3067\u5834\u5408\u5206\u3051\u3092\u3057\u3066\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n\u300c\u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u306a\u7403\u9762\u3092\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u4f5c\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u300d\u3068\u65b9\u91dd\u304c\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$r<R$ \u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u534a\u5f84\u304c $r$ \u306e\u7403\u9762\u3092\u4f5c\u3063\u3066\u8003\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u96fb\u8377\u306f $r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u307f\u306b\u5206\u5e03\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u7403\u9762\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u7dcf\u96fb\u8377\u306f $0$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u7403\u9762\u3092\u8cab\u3044\u3066\u3044\u304f\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306e\u672c\u6570\u306f $0$ \u672c\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u7403\u9762\u4e0a\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306f $0$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3053\u308c\u3088\u308a\uff0c$E(r)=0$ \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u540c\u69d8\u306b\uff0c\u534a\u5f84\u304c $r$ \u306e\u7403\u9762\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002$R<r$ \u306a\u306e\u3067\uff0c$r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u3059\u3079\u3066\u7403\u9762\u5185\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u7403\u9762\u3092\u8cab\u304f\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306e\u7dcf\u6570\u306f $4\\pi kQ$ \u672c\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n$r$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055 $E(r)$ \u306f\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u9762\u7a4d\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306e\u672c\u6570\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u7403\u9762\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\u306f $4\\pi r^2$ \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u7403\u9762\u3092\u8cab\u304f\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306f $E(r)\\times 4\\pi r^2$ \u3068\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u304b\u3089\uff0c$$ E(r) \\times 4\\pi r^2 = 4\\pi kQ $$\u3068\u7acb\u5f0f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u306d\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\uff0c$$ E(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{r^2} $$\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u3068\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n\u300c\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3060\uff01\u300d\u3068\u6c17\u3065\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304b\u2026\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7acb\u5f0f\u6642\u306b\u8003\u3048\u308b\u306e\u306f\u300c\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u96fb\u8377\u300d<\/span>\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u305d\u308c\u304c\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u304c\uff08\u4e2d\u5fc3\u306b\u307e\u3068\u307e\u3063\u3066\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3088\u3046\u304c\uff09\uff0c\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b $r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308d\u3046\u304c\uff0c\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u540c\u3058\u7acb\u5f0f\u306b\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u3067\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff01<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/noscript>\u751f\u5f92<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u300c\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u66f2\u9762\uff08\u7403\u9762\uff09\u306e\u5185\u5074\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u96fb\u8377\u300d\u3067\u3059\uff01\u3069\u3053\u306b\u3042\u308b\u304b\u306f\u95a2\u4fc2\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\uff01\u5185\u5074\u306b\u5408\u8a08\u3067\u3069\u308c\u3060\u3051\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\uff0c\u306b\u6ce8\u76ee\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u7acb\u5f0f\u624b\u9806\u306e\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u7acb\u5f0f\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002$R<r$ \u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u7acb\u5f0f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u30b9\u30e0\u30fc\u30ba\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n$$\\stext{\uff08\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055\uff09} \\times \\stext{\uff08\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\uff09} = 4\\pi kQ\\ \\left(=\\bun{Q}{\\varepsilon_0}\\right)$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n \n \n \n <\/i> \u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306e\u7acb\u5f0f\u624b\u9806\n <\/p>\n\n \n \u2460 \u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u306a\u66f2\u9762\uff08\u7403\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u4f5c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u969b\uff0c\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3067\u5834\u5408\u5206\u3051\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\u2461 \u66f2\u9762\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u7dcf\u96fb\u8377\u91cf $Q$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\u2462 \u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c<\/p>$$ \\stext{\uff08\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055\uff09} \\times \\stext{\uff08\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\uff09} = 4\\pi kQ $$<\/p>\u3068\u7acb\u5f0f\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n <\/i> \u4f8b\u984c\n <\/span>\n <\/p>\n\n \n \u534a\u5f84 $R$ \u306e\u91d1\u5c5e\u7403\u306b\uff0c$+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3002\u30af\u30fc\u30ed\u30f3\u529b\u306e\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5b9a\u6570\u3092 $k$ \u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u3088\u3002<\/p><\/noscript><\/figure><\/p><\/p>\u7403\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3 $\\rmO$ \u304b\u3089 $r$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\uff0c\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055 $E(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002<\/p><\/p>\u4f4d\u7f6e $r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\uff0c\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u306b\u53d6\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p><\/p><\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n(1) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n$E(r)$ \u306e\u6c42\u3081\u65b9\u306f\u5148\u307b\u3069\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305f\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$r<R$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=0$\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=k\\Bun{Q}{r^2}$ \u3067\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u3068\u7b49\u3057\u3044\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n(2) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u96fb\u4f4d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3082\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3068\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u3067\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5f62\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u304c\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c$R<r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{r}$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\u3067\u306f\uff0c$r<R$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u2026\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/noscript>\u751f\u5f92<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u300c\u91d1\u5c5e\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306f\u7b49\u96fb\u4f4d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6027\u8cea\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002$r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f $V(R) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f\u3069\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3067\u3082\u3053\u306e\u5024\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$r<R$ \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5e38\u306b $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3068\uff0c$$ V(r) =\\begin{cases}\\ k\\bun{Q}{R} & (r<R) \\\\[9pt] \\ k\\bun{Q}{r} & (R<r)\\end{cases}$$\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u3092\u56f3\u793a\u3057\u305f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u4e01\u5be7\u306b \u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8a71 $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089 $4\\pi kQ$ \u672c\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u304c\u6e67\u304d\u51fa\u308b\uff0c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-39","category-electromagnetics"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\n\t\t\n
\u4efb\u610f\u306e\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u3092\u8cab\u304f\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306e\u672c\u6570\u306f\uff0c\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u5185\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u7dcf\u96fb\u8377\u91cf $Q$ \u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066 $4\\pi kQ$ \u3068\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n
\u300c\u4efb\u610f\u306e\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u3063\u3066\u4f55\u2026??\u300d\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u4eba\u304c\u5927\u534a\u3060\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u3068\u306f\u300c\u9589\u3058\u305f\u66f2\u9762\u300d\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u5186\u67f1\u3067\u3082\u7403\u3067\u3082\u4f55\u3067\u3082 ok \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3092\u901a\u3057\u3066\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u305f\u65b9\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3059\u304c\uff0c\u3072\u3068\u307e\u305a\u300c\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306f\uff0c\u7403\u9762\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5bfe\u79f0\u6027\u306e\u3088\u3044\u9762\u3092\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u4f5c\u3063\u3066\u8003\u3048\u308b\uff01\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u96f0\u56f2\u6c17\u3092\u63b4\u3093\u3067\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u534a\u5f84 $R$ \u306e\u91d1\u5c5e\u7403\u306b $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3053\u306e\u3068\u304d\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u7403\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u304b\u3089\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u304c $r$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055 $E(r)$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u307e\u305a\u306f\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3002\u5c0e\u4f53\u306f\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\uff0c$+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u306f\u91d1\u5c5e\u8868\u9762\u306e\u307f\u306b\u5747\u7b49\u306b\u5206\u5e03\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3064\u307e\u308a\uff0c$r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u307f\u306b\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\u3053\u306e $r=R$ \u306e\u5185\u5074\u3068\u5916\u5074\u3067\u5834\u5408\u5206\u3051\u3092\u3057\u3066\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n\u300c\u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u306a\u7403\u9762\u3092\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u4f5c\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u300d\u3068\u65b9\u91dd\u304c\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$r<R$ \u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u534a\u5f84\u304c $r$ \u306e\u7403\u9762\u3092\u4f5c\u3063\u3066\u8003\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u96fb\u8377\u306f $r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u307f\u306b\u5206\u5e03\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u7403\u9762\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u7dcf\u96fb\u8377\u306f $0$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u7403\u9762\u3092\u8cab\u3044\u3066\u3044\u304f\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306e\u672c\u6570\u306f $0$ \u672c\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u7403\u9762\u4e0a\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306f $0$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3053\u308c\u3088\u308a\uff0c$E(r)=0$ \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u540c\u69d8\u306b\uff0c\u534a\u5f84\u304c $r$ \u306e\u7403\u9762\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002$R<r$ \u306a\u306e\u3067\uff0c$r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u3059\u3079\u3066\u7403\u9762\u5185\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u7403\u9762\u3092\u8cab\u304f\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306e\u7dcf\u6570\u306f $4\\pi kQ$ \u672c\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n$r$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055 $E(r)$ \u306f\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u9762\u7a4d\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306e\u672c\u6570\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u7403\u9762\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\u306f $4\\pi r^2$ \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u7403\u9762\u3092\u8cab\u304f\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306f $E(r)\\times 4\\pi r^2$ \u3068\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u304b\u3089\uff0c$$ E(r) \\times 4\\pi r^2 = 4\\pi kQ $$\u3068\u7acb\u5f0f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u306d\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\uff0c$$ E(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{r^2} $$\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u3068\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n\u300c\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3060\uff01\u300d\u3068\u6c17\u3065\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304b\u2026\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7acb\u5f0f\u6642\u306b\u8003\u3048\u308b\u306e\u306f\u300c\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u96fb\u8377\u300d<\/span>\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u305d\u308c\u304c\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u304c\uff08\u4e2d\u5fc3\u306b\u307e\u3068\u307e\u3063\u3066\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3088\u3046\u304c\uff09\uff0c\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b $r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308d\u3046\u304c\uff0c\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u540c\u3058\u7acb\u5f0f\u306b\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u3067\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff01<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/noscript>\u751f\u5f92<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u300c\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u66f2\u9762\uff08\u7403\u9762\uff09\u306e\u5185\u5074\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u96fb\u8377\u300d\u3067\u3059\uff01\u3069\u3053\u306b\u3042\u308b\u304b\u306f\u95a2\u4fc2\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\uff01\u5185\u5074\u306b\u5408\u8a08\u3067\u3069\u308c\u3060\u3051\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\uff0c\u306b\u6ce8\u76ee\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u7acb\u5f0f\u624b\u9806\u306e\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u7acb\u5f0f\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002$R<r$ \u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u7acb\u5f0f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u30b9\u30e0\u30fc\u30ba\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n$$\\stext{\uff08\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055\uff09} \\times \\stext{\uff08\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\uff09} = 4\\pi kQ\\ \\left(=\\bun{Q}{\\varepsilon_0}\\right)$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n \n \n \n <\/i> \u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306e\u7acb\u5f0f\u624b\u9806\n <\/p>\n\n \n \u2460 \u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u306a\u66f2\u9762\uff08\u7403\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u4f5c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u969b\uff0c\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3067\u5834\u5408\u5206\u3051\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\u2461 \u66f2\u9762\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u7dcf\u96fb\u8377\u91cf $Q$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\u2462 \u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c<\/p>$$ \\stext{\uff08\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055\uff09} \\times \\stext{\uff08\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\uff09} = 4\\pi kQ $$<\/p>\u3068\u7acb\u5f0f\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n <\/i> \u4f8b\u984c\n <\/span>\n <\/p>\n\n \n \u534a\u5f84 $R$ \u306e\u91d1\u5c5e\u7403\u306b\uff0c$+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3002\u30af\u30fc\u30ed\u30f3\u529b\u306e\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5b9a\u6570\u3092 $k$ \u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u3088\u3002<\/p><\/noscript><\/figure><\/p><\/p>\u7403\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3 $\\rmO$ \u304b\u3089 $r$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\uff0c\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055 $E(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002<\/p><\/p>\u4f4d\u7f6e $r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\uff0c\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u306b\u53d6\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p><\/p><\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n(1) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n$E(r)$ \u306e\u6c42\u3081\u65b9\u306f\u5148\u307b\u3069\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305f\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$r<R$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=0$\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=k\\Bun{Q}{r^2}$ \u3067\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u3068\u7b49\u3057\u3044\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n(2) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u96fb\u4f4d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3082\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3068\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u3067\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5f62\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u304c\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c$R<r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{r}$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\u3067\u306f\uff0c$r<R$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u2026\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/noscript>\u751f\u5f92<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u300c\u91d1\u5c5e\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306f\u7b49\u96fb\u4f4d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6027\u8cea\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002$r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f $V(R) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f\u3069\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3067\u3082\u3053\u306e\u5024\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$r<R$ \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5e38\u306b $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3068\uff0c$$ V(r) =\\begin{cases}\\ k\\bun{Q}{R} & (r<R) \\\\[9pt] \\ k\\bun{Q}{r} & (R<r)\\end{cases}$$\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u3092\u56f3\u793a\u3057\u305f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u4e01\u5be7\u306b \u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8a71 $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089 $4\\pi kQ$ \u672c\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u304c\u6e67\u304d\u51fa\u308b\uff0c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-39","category-electromagnetics"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\n\t\t\n
\u3053\u306e $r=R$ \u306e\u5185\u5074\u3068\u5916\u5074\u3067\u5834\u5408\u5206\u3051\u3092\u3057\u3066\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u300c\u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u306a\u7403\u9762\u3092\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u4f5c\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u300d\u3068\u65b9\u91dd\u304c\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\u534a\u5f84\u304c $r$ \u306e\u7403\u9762\u3092\u4f5c\u3063\u3066\u8003\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002\u96fb\u8377\u306f $r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u307f\u306b\u5206\u5e03\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u7403\u9762\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u7dcf\u96fb\u8377\u306f $0$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u7403\u9762\u3092\u8cab\u3044\u3066\u3044\u304f\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306e\u672c\u6570\u306f $0$ \u672c\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u7403\u9762\u4e0a\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306f $0$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3053\u308c\u3088\u308a\uff0c$E(r)=0$ \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u540c\u69d8\u306b\uff0c\u534a\u5f84\u304c $r$ \u306e\u7403\u9762\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002$R<r$ \u306a\u306e\u3067\uff0c$r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u3059\u3079\u3066\u7403\u9762\u5185\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u7403\u9762\u3092\u8cab\u304f\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306e\u7dcf\u6570\u306f $4\\pi kQ$ \u672c\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n$r$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055 $E(r)$ \u306f\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u9762\u7a4d\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306e\u672c\u6570\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u7403\u9762\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\u306f $4\\pi r^2$ \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u7403\u9762\u3092\u8cab\u304f\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306f $E(r)\\times 4\\pi r^2$ \u3068\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u304b\u3089\uff0c$$ E(r) \\times 4\\pi r^2 = 4\\pi kQ $$\u3068\u7acb\u5f0f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u306d\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\uff0c$$ E(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{r^2} $$\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u3068\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n\u300c\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3060\uff01\u300d\u3068\u6c17\u3065\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304b\u2026\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7acb\u5f0f\u6642\u306b\u8003\u3048\u308b\u306e\u306f\u300c\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u96fb\u8377\u300d<\/span>\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u305d\u308c\u304c\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u304c\uff08\u4e2d\u5fc3\u306b\u307e\u3068\u307e\u3063\u3066\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3088\u3046\u304c\uff09\uff0c\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b $r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308d\u3046\u304c\uff0c\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u540c\u3058\u7acb\u5f0f\u306b\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u3067\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff01<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/noscript>\u751f\u5f92<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u300c\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u66f2\u9762\uff08\u7403\u9762\uff09\u306e\u5185\u5074\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u96fb\u8377\u300d\u3067\u3059\uff01\u3069\u3053\u306b\u3042\u308b\u304b\u306f\u95a2\u4fc2\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\uff01\u5185\u5074\u306b\u5408\u8a08\u3067\u3069\u308c\u3060\u3051\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\uff0c\u306b\u6ce8\u76ee\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u7acb\u5f0f\u624b\u9806\u306e\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u7acb\u5f0f\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002$R<r$ \u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u7acb\u5f0f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u30b9\u30e0\u30fc\u30ba\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n$$\\stext{\uff08\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055\uff09} \\times \\stext{\uff08\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\uff09} = 4\\pi kQ\\ \\left(=\\bun{Q}{\\varepsilon_0}\\right)$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n \n \n \n <\/i> \u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306e\u7acb\u5f0f\u624b\u9806\n <\/p>\n\n \n \u2460 \u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u306a\u66f2\u9762\uff08\u7403\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u4f5c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u969b\uff0c\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3067\u5834\u5408\u5206\u3051\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\u2461 \u66f2\u9762\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u7dcf\u96fb\u8377\u91cf $Q$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\u2462 \u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c<\/p>$$ \\stext{\uff08\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055\uff09} \\times \\stext{\uff08\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\uff09} = 4\\pi kQ $$<\/p>\u3068\u7acb\u5f0f\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n <\/i> \u4f8b\u984c\n <\/span>\n <\/p>\n\n \n \u534a\u5f84 $R$ \u306e\u91d1\u5c5e\u7403\u306b\uff0c$+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3002\u30af\u30fc\u30ed\u30f3\u529b\u306e\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5b9a\u6570\u3092 $k$ \u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u3088\u3002<\/p><\/noscript><\/figure><\/p><\/p>\u7403\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3 $\\rmO$ \u304b\u3089 $r$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\uff0c\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055 $E(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002<\/p><\/p>\u4f4d\u7f6e $r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\uff0c\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u306b\u53d6\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p><\/p><\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n(1) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n$E(r)$ \u306e\u6c42\u3081\u65b9\u306f\u5148\u307b\u3069\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305f\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$r<R$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=0$\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=k\\Bun{Q}{r^2}$ \u3067\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u3068\u7b49\u3057\u3044\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n(2) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u96fb\u4f4d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3082\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3068\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u3067\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5f62\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u304c\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c$R<r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{r}$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\u3067\u306f\uff0c$r<R$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u2026\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/noscript>\u751f\u5f92<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u300c\u91d1\u5c5e\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306f\u7b49\u96fb\u4f4d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6027\u8cea\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002$r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f $V(R) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f\u3069\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3067\u3082\u3053\u306e\u5024\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$r<R$ \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5e38\u306b $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3068\uff0c$$ V(r) =\\begin{cases}\\ k\\bun{Q}{R} & (r<R) \\\\[9pt] \\ k\\bun{Q}{r} & (R<r)\\end{cases}$$\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u3092\u56f3\u793a\u3057\u305f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u4e01\u5be7\u306b \u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8a71 $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089 $4\\pi kQ$ \u672c\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u304c\u6e67\u304d\u51fa\u308b\uff0c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-39","category-electromagnetics"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\n\t\t\n
\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u7403\u9762\u3092\u8cab\u3044\u3066\u3044\u304f\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306e\u672c\u6570\u306f $0$ \u672c\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u7403\u9762\u4e0a\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306f $0$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3053\u308c\u3088\u308a\uff0c$E(r)=0$ \u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u540c\u69d8\u306b\uff0c\u534a\u5f84\u304c $r$ \u306e\u7403\u9762\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002$R<r$ \u306a\u306e\u3067\uff0c$r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308b $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u3059\u3079\u3066\u7403\u9762\u5185\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c\u3053\u306e\u7403\u9762\u3092\u8cab\u304f\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306e\u7dcf\u6570\u306f $4\\pi kQ$ \u672c\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n$r$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055 $E(r)$ \u306f\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u9762\u7a4d\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306e\u672c\u6570\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u7403\u9762\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\u306f $4\\pi r^2$ \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u7403\u9762\u3092\u8cab\u304f\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306f $E(r)\\times 4\\pi r^2$ \u3068\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u7d50\u8ad6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u304b\u3089\uff0c$$ E(r) \\times 4\\pi r^2 = 4\\pi kQ $$\u3068\u7acb\u5f0f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u306d\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\uff0c$$ E(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{r^2} $$\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u3068\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n\u300c\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3060\uff01\u300d\u3068\u6c17\u3065\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304b\u2026\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7acb\u5f0f\u6642\u306b\u8003\u3048\u308b\u306e\u306f\u300c\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u96fb\u8377\u300d<\/span>\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u305d\u308c\u304c\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u304c\uff08\u4e2d\u5fc3\u306b\u307e\u3068\u307e\u3063\u3066\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3088\u3046\u304c\uff09\uff0c\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b $r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308d\u3046\u304c\uff0c\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u540c\u3058\u7acb\u5f0f\u306b\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u3067\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff01<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/noscript>\u751f\u5f92<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u300c\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u66f2\u9762\uff08\u7403\u9762\uff09\u306e\u5185\u5074\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u96fb\u8377\u300d\u3067\u3059\uff01\u3069\u3053\u306b\u3042\u308b\u304b\u306f\u95a2\u4fc2\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\uff01\u5185\u5074\u306b\u5408\u8a08\u3067\u3069\u308c\u3060\u3051\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\uff0c\u306b\u6ce8\u76ee\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u7acb\u5f0f\u624b\u9806\u306e\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u7acb\u5f0f\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002$R<r$ \u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u7acb\u5f0f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u30b9\u30e0\u30fc\u30ba\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n$$\\stext{\uff08\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055\uff09} \\times \\stext{\uff08\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\uff09} = 4\\pi kQ\\ \\left(=\\bun{Q}{\\varepsilon_0}\\right)$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n \n \n \n <\/i> \u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306e\u7acb\u5f0f\u624b\u9806\n <\/p>\n\n \n \u2460 \u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u306a\u66f2\u9762\uff08\u7403\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u4f5c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u969b\uff0c\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3067\u5834\u5408\u5206\u3051\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\u2461 \u66f2\u9762\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u7dcf\u96fb\u8377\u91cf $Q$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\u2462 \u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c<\/p>$$ \\stext{\uff08\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055\uff09} \\times \\stext{\uff08\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\uff09} = 4\\pi kQ $$<\/p>\u3068\u7acb\u5f0f\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n <\/i> \u4f8b\u984c\n <\/span>\n <\/p>\n\n \n \u534a\u5f84 $R$ \u306e\u91d1\u5c5e\u7403\u306b\uff0c$+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3002\u30af\u30fc\u30ed\u30f3\u529b\u306e\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5b9a\u6570\u3092 $k$ \u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u3088\u3002<\/p><\/noscript><\/figure><\/p><\/p>\u7403\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3 $\\rmO$ \u304b\u3089 $r$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\uff0c\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055 $E(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002<\/p><\/p>\u4f4d\u7f6e $r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\uff0c\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u306b\u53d6\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p><\/p><\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n(1) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n$E(r)$ \u306e\u6c42\u3081\u65b9\u306f\u5148\u307b\u3069\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305f\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$r<R$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=0$\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=k\\Bun{Q}{r^2}$ \u3067\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u3068\u7b49\u3057\u3044\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n(2) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u96fb\u4f4d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3082\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3068\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u3067\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5f62\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u304c\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c$R<r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{r}$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\u3067\u306f\uff0c$r<R$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u2026\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/noscript>\u751f\u5f92<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u300c\u91d1\u5c5e\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306f\u7b49\u96fb\u4f4d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6027\u8cea\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002$r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f $V(R) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f\u3069\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3067\u3082\u3053\u306e\u5024\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$r<R$ \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5e38\u306b $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3068\uff0c$$ V(r) =\\begin{cases}\\ k\\bun{Q}{R} & (r<R) \\\\[9pt] \\ k\\bun{Q}{r} & (R<r)\\end{cases}$$\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u3092\u56f3\u793a\u3057\u305f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u4e01\u5be7\u306b \u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8a71 $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089 $4\\pi kQ$ \u672c\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u304c\u6e67\u304d\u51fa\u308b\uff0c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-39","category-electromagnetics"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\n\t\t\n
$r$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055 $E(r)$ \u306f\uff0c\u305d\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u9762\u7a4d\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306e\u672c\u6570\u3067\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7403\u9762\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\u306f $4\\pi r^2$ \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u7403\u9762\u3092\u8cab\u304f\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u306f $E(r)\\times 4\\pi r^2$ \u3068\u8868\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u304b\u3089\uff0c$$ E(r) \\times 4\\pi r^2 = 4\\pi kQ $$\u3068\u7acb\u5f0f\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u306d\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\uff0c$$ E(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{r^2} $$\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u300c\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3060\uff01\u300d\u3068\u6c17\u3065\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304b\u2026\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7acb\u5f0f\u6642\u306b\u8003\u3048\u308b\u306e\u306f\u300c\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u96fb\u8377\u300d<\/span>\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u305d\u308c\u304c\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u304c\uff08\u4e2d\u5fc3\u306b\u307e\u3068\u307e\u3063\u3066\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3088\u3046\u304c\uff09\uff0c\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b $r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308d\u3046\u304c\uff0c\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u540c\u3058\u7acb\u5f0f\u306b\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u3067\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff01<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/noscript>\u751f\u5f92<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u300c\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u66f2\u9762\uff08\u7403\u9762\uff09\u306e\u5185\u5074\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u96fb\u8377\u300d\u3067\u3059\uff01\u3069\u3053\u306b\u3042\u308b\u304b\u306f\u95a2\u4fc2\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\uff01\u5185\u5074\u306b\u5408\u8a08\u3067\u3069\u308c\u3060\u3051\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\uff0c\u306b\u6ce8\u76ee\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u7acb\u5f0f\u624b\u9806\u306e\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u7acb\u5f0f\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002$R<r$ \u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u7acb\u5f0f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u30b9\u30e0\u30fc\u30ba\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n$$\\stext{\uff08\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055\uff09} \\times \\stext{\uff08\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\uff09} = 4\\pi kQ\\ \\left(=\\bun{Q}{\\varepsilon_0}\\right)$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n \n \n \n <\/i> \u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306e\u7acb\u5f0f\u624b\u9806\n <\/p>\n\n \n \u2460 \u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u306a\u66f2\u9762\uff08\u7403\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u4f5c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u969b\uff0c\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3067\u5834\u5408\u5206\u3051\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\u2461 \u66f2\u9762\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u7dcf\u96fb\u8377\u91cf $Q$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\u2462 \u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c<\/p>$$ \\stext{\uff08\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055\uff09} \\times \\stext{\uff08\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\uff09} = 4\\pi kQ $$<\/p>\u3068\u7acb\u5f0f\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n <\/i> \u4f8b\u984c\n <\/span>\n <\/p>\n\n \n \u534a\u5f84 $R$ \u306e\u91d1\u5c5e\u7403\u306b\uff0c$+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3002\u30af\u30fc\u30ed\u30f3\u529b\u306e\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5b9a\u6570\u3092 $k$ \u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u3088\u3002<\/p><\/noscript><\/figure><\/p><\/p>\u7403\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3 $\\rmO$ \u304b\u3089 $r$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\uff0c\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055 $E(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002<\/p><\/p>\u4f4d\u7f6e $r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\uff0c\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u306b\u53d6\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p><\/p><\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n(1) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n$E(r)$ \u306e\u6c42\u3081\u65b9\u306f\u5148\u307b\u3069\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305f\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$r<R$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=0$\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=k\\Bun{Q}{r^2}$ \u3067\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u3068\u7b49\u3057\u3044\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n(2) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u96fb\u4f4d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3082\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3068\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u3067\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5f62\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u304c\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c$R<r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{r}$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\u3067\u306f\uff0c$r<R$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u2026\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/noscript>\u751f\u5f92<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u300c\u91d1\u5c5e\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306f\u7b49\u96fb\u4f4d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6027\u8cea\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002$r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f $V(R) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f\u3069\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3067\u3082\u3053\u306e\u5024\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$r<R$ \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5e38\u306b $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3068\uff0c$$ V(r) =\\begin{cases}\\ k\\bun{Q}{R} & (r<R) \\\\[9pt] \\ k\\bun{Q}{r} & (R<r)\\end{cases}$$\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u3092\u56f3\u793a\u3057\u305f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u4e01\u5be7\u306b \u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8a71 $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089 $4\\pi kQ$ \u672c\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u304c\u6e67\u304d\u51fa\u308b\uff0c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-39","category-electromagnetics"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\n\t\t\n
\u305d\u308c\u304c\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u304c\uff08\u4e2d\u5fc3\u306b\u307e\u3068\u307e\u3063\u3066\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3088\u3046\u304c\uff09\uff0c\u4eca\u56de\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b $r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u3042\u308d\u3046\u304c\uff0c\u5408\u8a08\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u540c\u3058\u7acb\u5f0f\u306b\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u3067\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff01<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>
\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u300c\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u66f2\u9762\uff08\u7403\u9762\uff09\u306e\u5185\u5074\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u96fb\u8377\u300d\u3067\u3059\uff01\u3069\u3053\u306b\u3042\u308b\u304b\u306f\u95a2\u4fc2\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\uff01\u5185\u5074\u306b\u5408\u8a08\u3067\u3069\u308c\u3060\u3051\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\uff0c\u306b\u6ce8\u76ee\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u7acb\u5f0f\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3082\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u304a\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002$R<r$ \u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u7acb\u5f0f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u30b9\u30e0\u30fc\u30ba\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$$\\stext{\uff08\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055\uff09} \\times \\stext{\uff08\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\uff09} = 4\\pi kQ\\ \\left(=\\bun{Q}{\\varepsilon_0}\\right)$$<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n <\/i> \u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u306e\u7acb\u5f0f\u624b\u9806\n <\/p>\n\n \n \u2460 \u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u306a\u66f2\u9762\uff08\u7403\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u4f5c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u969b\uff0c\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3067\u5834\u5408\u5206\u3051\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\u2461 \u66f2\u9762\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u7dcf\u96fb\u8377\u91cf $Q$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>\u2462 \u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c<\/p>$$ \\stext{\uff08\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055\uff09} \\times \\stext{\uff08\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\uff09} = 4\\pi kQ $$<\/p>\u3068\u7acb\u5f0f\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n <\/i> \u4f8b\u984c\n <\/span>\n <\/p>\n\n \n \u534a\u5f84 $R$ \u306e\u91d1\u5c5e\u7403\u306b\uff0c$+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3002\u30af\u30fc\u30ed\u30f3\u529b\u306e\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5b9a\u6570\u3092 $k$ \u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u3088\u3002<\/p><\/noscript><\/figure><\/p><\/p>\u7403\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3 $\\rmO$ \u304b\u3089 $r$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\uff0c\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055 $E(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002<\/p><\/p>\u4f4d\u7f6e $r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\uff0c\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u306b\u53d6\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p><\/p><\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n(1) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n$E(r)$ \u306e\u6c42\u3081\u65b9\u306f\u5148\u307b\u3069\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305f\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$r<R$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=0$\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=k\\Bun{Q}{r^2}$ \u3067\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u3068\u7b49\u3057\u3044\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n(2) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u96fb\u4f4d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3082\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3068\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u3067\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5f62\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u304c\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c$R<r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{r}$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\u3067\u306f\uff0c$r<R$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u2026\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/noscript>\u751f\u5f92<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u300c\u91d1\u5c5e\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306f\u7b49\u96fb\u4f4d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6027\u8cea\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002$r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f $V(R) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f\u3069\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3067\u3082\u3053\u306e\u5024\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$r<R$ \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5e38\u306b $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3068\uff0c$$ V(r) =\\begin{cases}\\ k\\bun{Q}{R} & (r<R) \\\\[9pt] \\ k\\bun{Q}{r} & (R<r)\\end{cases}$$\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u3092\u56f3\u793a\u3057\u305f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u4e01\u5be7\u306b \u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8a71 $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089 $4\\pi kQ$ \u672c\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u304c\u6e67\u304d\u51fa\u308b\uff0c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-39","category-electromagnetics"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\n\t\t\n
\u2460 \u5bfe\u79f0\u7684\u306a\u66f2\u9762\uff08\u7403\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u81ea\u5206\u3067\u4f5c\u308b\u3002\u3053\u306e\u969b\uff0c\u96fb\u8377\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3067\u5834\u5408\u5206\u3051\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>
\u2461 \u66f2\u9762\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u7dcf\u96fb\u8377\u91cf $Q$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/p>
\u2462 \u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c<\/p>
$$ \\stext{\uff08\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055\uff09} \\times \\stext{\uff08\u9589\u66f2\u9762\u306e\u9762\u7a4d\uff09} = 4\\pi kQ $$<\/p>
\u3068\u7acb\u5f0f\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n \n <\/i> \u4f8b\u984c\n <\/span>\n <\/p>\n\n \n \u534a\u5f84 $R$ \u306e\u91d1\u5c5e\u7403\u306b\uff0c$+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3002\u30af\u30fc\u30ed\u30f3\u529b\u306e\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5b9a\u6570\u3092 $k$ \u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u3088\u3002<\/p><\/noscript><\/figure><\/p><\/p>\u7403\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3 $\\rmO$ \u304b\u3089 $r$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\uff0c\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055 $E(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002<\/p><\/p>\u4f4d\u7f6e $r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\uff0c\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u306b\u53d6\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p><\/p><\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n(1) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n$E(r)$ \u306e\u6c42\u3081\u65b9\u306f\u5148\u307b\u3069\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305f\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$r<R$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=0$\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=k\\Bun{Q}{r^2}$ \u3067\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u3068\u7b49\u3057\u3044\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n(2) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u96fb\u4f4d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3082\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3068\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u3067\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5f62\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u304c\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c$R<r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{r}$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\u3067\u306f\uff0c$r<R$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u2026\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/noscript>\u751f\u5f92<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u300c\u91d1\u5c5e\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306f\u7b49\u96fb\u4f4d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6027\u8cea\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002$r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f $V(R) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f\u3069\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3067\u3082\u3053\u306e\u5024\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$r<R$ \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5e38\u306b $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3068\uff0c$$ V(r) =\\begin{cases}\\ k\\bun{Q}{R} & (r<R) \\\\[9pt] \\ k\\bun{Q}{r} & (R<r)\\end{cases}$$\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u3092\u56f3\u793a\u3057\u305f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u4e01\u5be7\u306b \u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8a71 $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089 $4\\pi kQ$ \u672c\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u304c\u6e67\u304d\u51fa\u308b\uff0c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-39","category-electromagnetics"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\n\t\t\n
\u534a\u5f84 $R$ \u306e\u91d1\u5c5e\u7403\u306b\uff0c$+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u305f\u3002\u30af\u30fc\u30ed\u30f3\u529b\u306e\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5b9a\u6570\u3092 $k$ \u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u8a2d\u554f\u306b\u7b54\u3048\u3088\u3002<\/p>
<\/noscript><\/figure><\/p><\/p>\u7403\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3 $\\rmO$ \u304b\u3089 $r$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\uff0c\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055 $E(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002<\/p><\/p>\u4f4d\u7f6e $r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\uff0c\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u306b\u53d6\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p><\/p><\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n(1) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n$E(r)$ \u306e\u6c42\u3081\u65b9\u306f\u5148\u307b\u3069\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305f\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$r<R$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=0$\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=k\\Bun{Q}{r^2}$ \u3067\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u3068\u7b49\u3057\u3044\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n(2) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u96fb\u4f4d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3082\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3068\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u3067\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5f62\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u304c\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c$R<r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{r}$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\u3067\u306f\uff0c$r<R$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u2026\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/noscript>\u751f\u5f92<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u300c\u91d1\u5c5e\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306f\u7b49\u96fb\u4f4d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6027\u8cea\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002$r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f $V(R) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f\u3069\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3067\u3082\u3053\u306e\u5024\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$r<R$ \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5e38\u306b $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3068\uff0c$$ V(r) =\\begin{cases}\\ k\\bun{Q}{R} & (r<R) \\\\[9pt] \\ k\\bun{Q}{r} & (R<r)\\end{cases}$$\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u3092\u56f3\u793a\u3057\u305f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u4e01\u5be7\u306b \u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8a71 $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089 $4\\pi kQ$ \u672c\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u304c\u6e67\u304d\u51fa\u308b\uff0c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-39","category-electromagnetics"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\n\t\t\n
\u7403\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3 $\\rmO$ \u304b\u3089 $r$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\uff0c\u96fb\u5834\u306e\u5f37\u3055 $E(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002<\/p><\/p>
\u4f4d\u7f6e $r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u3092\u6c42\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u3051\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3057\uff0c\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u306b\u53d6\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p><\/p>
<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n\n\n
$E(r)$ \u306e\u6c42\u3081\u65b9\u306f\u5148\u307b\u3069\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305f\u901a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
$r<R$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=0$\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $E(r)=k\\Bun{Q}{r^2}$ \u3067\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
$R<r$ \u306e\u96fb\u5834\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u96fb\u5834\u3068\u7b49\u3057\u3044\u305f\u3081\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u7b49\u3057\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u6ce8\u610f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u6982\u5f62\u3092\u304b\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure>\n\n\n\n(2) \u306e\u89e3\u304d\u65b9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u96fb\u4f4d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript>\u7fbd\u767d<\/div><\/div>\n\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3082\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3068\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u3067\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5f62\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u304c\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c$R<r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{r}$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\u3067\u306f\uff0c$r<R$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u2026\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/noscript>\u751f\u5f92<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\u300c\u91d1\u5c5e\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306f\u7b49\u96fb\u4f4d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6027\u8cea\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002$r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f $V(R) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f\u3069\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3067\u3082\u3053\u306e\u5024\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$r<R$ \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5e38\u306b $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3068\uff0c$$ V(r) =\\begin{cases}\\ k\\bun{Q}{R} & (r<R) \\\\[9pt] \\ k\\bun{Q}{r} & (R<r)\\end{cases}$$\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u3092\u56f3\u793a\u3057\u305f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<\/noscript><\/figure><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u4e01\u5be7\u306b \u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8a71 $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089 $4\\pi kQ$ \u672c\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u304c\u6e67\u304d\u51fa\u308b\uff0c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-39","category-electromagnetics"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\n\t\t\n
\u7d9a\u3044\u3066\u96fb\u4f4d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3082\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3068\u308f\u304b\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u3067\u306f\u70b9\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3068\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u96fb\u5834\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c$R<r$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d $V(r)$ \u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u50be\u304d\u304c\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\uff0c\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u5f62\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u307e\u305f\uff0c\u7121\u9650\u9060\u65b9\u304c\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u70b9\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c$R<r$ \u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u96fb\u4f4d\u306e\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u3082\u5171\u901a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$R<r$ \u3067\u306f $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{r}$ \u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3067\u306f\uff0c$r<R$ \u306e\u9818\u57df\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u2026\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>
\u300c\u91d1\u5c5e\u306e\u5185\u90e8\u306f\u7b49\u96fb\u4f4d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6027\u8cea\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u306d\u3002$r=R$ \u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f $V(R) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u91d1\u5c5e\u5185\u90e8\u306e\u96fb\u4f4d\u306f\u3069\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3067\u3082\u3053\u306e\u5024\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u3088\u3063\u3066\uff0c$r<R$ \u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u5e38\u306b $V(r) = k\\Bun{Q}{R}$ \u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u308f\u304b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u308b\u3068\uff0c$$ V(r) =\\begin{cases}\\ k\\bun{Q}{R} & (r<R) \\\\[9pt] \\ k\\bun{Q}{r} & (R<r)\\end{cases}$$\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u3053\u308c\u3092\u56f3\u793a\u3057\u305f\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/noscript><\/figure><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u4e01\u5be7\u306b \u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8a71 $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089 $4\\pi kQ$ \u672c\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u304c\u6e67\u304d\u51fa\u308b\uff0c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-39","category-electromagnetics"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\n\t\t\n
\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u4e01\u5be7\u306b \u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u8a71 $+Q$ \u306e\u96fb\u8377\u304b\u3089 $4\\pi kQ$ \u672c\u306e\u96fb\u6c17\u529b\u7dda\u304c\u6e67\u304d\u51fa\u308b\uff0c\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u5b66\u7fd2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u30ac\u30a6\u30b9\u306e\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u901a\u308a\u306b\u306a\u308a … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6732,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6851","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-39","category-electromagnetics"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\n\t\t\n
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